Vibration is the periodic back-and-forth movement of particles in an elastic body or medium. It typically occurs when a system is displaced from its equilibrium state, leading to oscillations driven by restoring forces.
Key Aspects of Vibration:
- Elastic Deformation:
Vibration occurs when an elastic body like a spring, beam, or shaft is displaced from its equilibrium position due to external forces. The release of these forces results in vibratory motion. - Restoring Force:
When the body’s particles are displaced, internal elastic forces attempt to restore the body to its original position. - Energy Conversion at Equilibrium:
At the equilibrium position, all elastic energy converts into kinetic energy, causing the body to move in the opposite direction. - Re-conversion to Elastic Energy:
As the body moves away from equilibrium, the kinetic energy transforms back into elastic energy, driving the body to return to its equilibrium position.
This cyclical conversion between kinetic and elastic energy is what underlies the phenomenon of vibration.
