Sulfur oxides, primarily sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3), are gases produced by the combustion of sulfur-containing fuels like coal and oil.

Sources:

  • Power plants burning fossil fuels.
  • Industrial processes such as metal smelting.
  • Vehicle emissions from diesel engines.

Effects:

  • Environmental: Contributes to acid rain, which can damage ecosystems and buildings.
  • Health: Causes respiratory problems and aggravates existing heart and lung diseases.

Measurement:

  • Infrared Gas Analyzers: Detect SO2 concentration using infrared absorption.
  • UV Fluorescence: Measures SO2 concentration based on the fluorescence emitted when SO2 is exposed to UV light.