Pascal’s law states that when pressure is applied to an enclosed fluid (liquid or gas), that pressure is evenly transmitted throughout the entire fluid and onto the walls of the container.
- Hydraulic Press Demonstration:
- This concept is illustrated in hydraulic presses. A force 𝐹 is applied to a small piston (neglecting friction), exerting pressure on the fluid. The pressure (𝑃) is calculated using the formula:
𝑃=Fs / As
- Here, 𝐴𝑠 represents the cross-sectional area of the smaller piston.
- Force on the Larger Piston:
- Since pressure is transmitted through the fluid to the second cylinder, Pascal’s law shows that the force on the larger piston FL is given by:
FL=𝑃⋅AL
- AL is the cross-sectional area of the larger piston, assuming both pistons are on the same level.
- Relationship Between the Pistons:
- The relationship between the forces on the larger and smaller pistons can be derived as:
𝐹𝐿=AL⋅ Fs / As
